5 Tips to Help Prevent Pressure Ulcers

Pressure ulcers or skin ulcers are areas of damaged skin and tissue that occur when there is friction or unrelieved pressure on one area of the body. These areas can effect anyone who has difficulty moving on their own, or staying in one position for too long. Pressure ulcers can start to form in as little as 15 minutes.

Pressure ulcers commonly develop on skin that covers bony areas of the body, such as heels, ankles, hips and tailbones. Although pressure ulcers are treatable, the new skin and tissue that grows is never as strong as before. It can take weeks, months, and in some cases years to heal; increasing that person’s risk of developing an infection. It is much more effective to focus on pressure ulcer prevention, rather than healing. Here are tips for caregivers to prevent a pressure ulcer:

1. Reposition the person at least every two hours. This is especially important if they are laying in a bed for a prolonged time. Follow a turning schedule clock, as it can be a great tool to help remember when (and how) to reposition the person.
2. Wheelchair bound individuals need repositioned every 15 minutes. Imagine the amount of times you move when you are in a sitting position, i.e. switching sides, crossing/uncrossing your legs, any movement actively shifts your weight when you sit. The person you are supporting needs to shift their weight that frequently as well.
3. Clean the area quickly and thoroughly for any incontinent person. Remember to pat the skin dry because rubbing could cause the skin to tear. Talk to the individual’s physician about a barrier cream to prevent urine or feces from coming into contact with the skin. Many barrier creams are available at your local pharmacy. 
4. Ensure the person is getting enough calories and water. This is because the skin needs proper nutrition and hydration to heal. If they are not, talk to their physician about adding in a high calorie shake or other ways to increase calories.
5. Be aware of the individual’s diagnosis. A disorder like Diabetes can increase the risk of developing a pressure ulcer. Check the skin daily for any redness or open areas. Report any changes to the physician immediately.

If you are supporting someone who has a pressure ulcer or a wound that isn’t healing, make an appointment to see a wound care specialist. To see a list of wound care specialists in Pennsylvania, click here. There are treatments available to decrease healing time of a wound; a treatment such as negative pressure which uses a special seal and suction to increase tissue growth.